ReviewThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners1998
Reducing antibiotics for respiratory tract symptoms in primary care: consolidating 'why' and considering 'how'.
Review in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in primary care.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on acute respiratory tract infections in 6-8-year-old children: a randomized clinical trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Converting habits of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in German primary care--the cluster-randomized controlled CHANGE-2 trial.BMC family practice · 2012Trial
- Effectiveness of multifaceted educational programme to reduce antibiotic dispensing in primary care: practice based randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Trial
- Enhancing the quality of antibiotic prescribing in primary care: qualitative evaluation of a blended learning intervention.BMC family practice · 2010Trial
- Effect of using an interactive booklet about childhood respiratory tract infections in primary care consultations on reconsulting and antibiotic prescribing: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2009Trial
- Stemming the Tide of Antibiotic Resistance (STAR): a protocol for a trial of a complex intervention addressing the 'why' and 'how' of appropriate antibiotic prescribing in general practice.BMC family practice · 2009Trial
- Reducing unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics for acute cough: adaptation of a leaflet aimed at Turkish immigrants in Germany.BMC family practice · 2008Trial
- The effect of using an interactive booklet on childhood respiratory tract infections in consultations: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial in primary care.BMC family practice · 2008Trial
- Improving management of patients with acute cough by C-reactive protein point of care testing and communication training (IMPAC3T): study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMC family practice · 2007Trial
- Patient conversations that matter: assessing the role of TARGET TYI leaflets for respiratory care in England's community pharmacies.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- The portrayal of antimicrobial resistance in Bangladeshi newspapers during 2010-2021: Toward understanding the narrative.PloS one · 2024Article
- How can behavioural science contribute to qualitative research on antimicrobial stewardship in primary care?JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Review
- Antibiotic Use among Patients Visiting Primary Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Interventions for prudent antibiotic use in primary healthcare: an econometric analysis.BMC health services research · 2020Observational
- Relationship between microbiology of throat swab and clinical course among primary care patients with acute cough: a prospective cohort study.Family practice · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We summarize recently published evidence showing that antibiotic treatment offers little or no benefit to most patients presenting with sore throats, acute otitis media, maxillary sinusitis, and acute bronchitis. Despite this research, the prescription of antibiotics for respiratory tract conditions is rising in Britain. This wastes money, encourages people to consult for self-limiting conditions, and causes bacteria to become resistant to antimicrobials. Ways of changing present practice are underresearched. Enhanced consulting skills, guidelines and monitoring strategies, patient education, and anti-inflammatory drugs for recurrent and chronic sufferers all hold promise.
Indexed as
Identifiers
10198512PMC1313298What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.