ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1999
Ethnic differences in incidence of stroke: prospective study with stroke register.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diverging Temporal Trends in Stroke Incidence in Younger vs Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA neurology · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of survival bias on case-control genetic association studies of highly lethal diseases.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2011Pooled it
- The incidence of all stroke and stroke subtype in the United Kingdom, 1985 to 2008: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2010Pooled it
- Trial
- The protocols for the 10/66 dementia research group population-based research programme.BMC public health · 2007Trial
- Long-Term Trends in Incidence and Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke Subtypes Over 24 Years: The South London Stroke Register.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Advancing Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: Key Role of MiR-155 Non-Coding RNA.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Multidimensional Approach of Genotype and Phenotype in Stroke Etiology: The MAGPIE Study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics of recurrent non-arteritic retinal artery occlusion.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Inflammation and Rho-Associated Protein Kinase-Induced Brain Changes in Vascular Dementia.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Impact of ankylosing spondylitis on stroke limited to specific subtypes: Evidence from Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Stroke in Africa: profile, progress, prospects and priorities.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2021Review
- Heart Failure and Ischemic Stroke: A Bidirectional and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- A Prospective Stroke Register in Sierra Leone: Demographics, Stroke Type, Stroke Care and Hospital Outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Trends in prevalence of acute stroke impairments: A population-based cohort study using the South London Stroke Register.PLoS medicine · 2020Article
- Long-term trends in death and dependence after ischaemic strokes: A retrospective cohort study using the South London Stroke Register (SLSR).PLoS medicine · 2020Observational
- The future incidence, prevalence and costs of stroke in the UK.Age and ageing · 2020Article
- Estimated societal costs of stroke in the UK based on a discrete event simulation.Age and ageing · 2020Article
- Interethnic differences in neuroimaging markers and cognition in Asians, a population-based study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo identify ethnic differences in the incidence of first ever stroke.
designA prospective community stroke register (1995-6) with multiple notification sources. Pathological classification of stroke in all cases was based on brain imaging or necropsy data. Rates were standardised to European and world populations and adjusted for age, sex, and social class in multivariate analysis.
settingA multi-ethnic population of 234 533 in south London, of whom 21% are black.
results612 strokes were registered. The crude annual incidence rate was 1.3 strokes per 1000 population per year (95% confidence interval 1.20 to 1.41) and 1.25 per 1000 population per year (1.15 to 1.35) age adjusted to the standard European population. Incidence rates adjusted for age and sex were significantly higher in black compared with white people (P<0.0001), with an incidence rate ratio of 2.21 (1.77 to 2.76). In multivariable analysis increasing age (P<0.0001), male sex (P<0.003), black ethnic group (P<0.0001), and lower social class (P<0.0001) in people aged 35-64 were independently associated with an increased incidence of stroke.
conclusionsIncidence rates of stroke are higher in the black population; this is not explained by confounders such as social class, age, and sex. Ethnic differences in genetic, physiological, and behavioural risk factors for stroke require further elucidation to aid development of effective strategies for stroke prevention in multi-ethnic communities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.