ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1999
Retinoic acid and arsenic synergize to eradicate leukemic cells in a mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 305 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arsenic trioxideHaematologica · 2025Trial
- Trial
- All-trans retinoic acid/As2O3 combination yields a high quality remission and survival in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2004Trial
- Immune intervention is dispensable for retinoic acid/ arsenic therapy of murine acute promyelocytic leukemia.Haematologica · 2026Article
- The novel ETV6::RARA fusion gene, identified in acute promyelocytic leukemia, is sensitive to invitro all-tans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide administrations.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- [The cure for acute promyelocytic leukemia and China's contributions].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Review
- Conventional chemotherapy: millions of cures, unresolved therapeutic index.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Retinoic Acid, and Arsenic: A Tale of Dualities.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- History of Developing Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treatment and Role of Promyelocytic Leukemia Bodies.Cancers · 2024Review
- An Overview of Targeted Therapies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.HemaSphere · 2023Review
- Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treatment Masking Hepatic Tuberculosis: A Management Dilemma.Journal of hematology · 2023Article
- Understanding a high-risk acute myeloid leukemia by analyzing the interactome of its major driver mutation.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Exploration of nuclear body-enhanced sumoylation reveals that PML represses 2-cell features of embryonic stem cells.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Real world data with concurrent retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.Blood cancer journal · 2022Article
- Oral arsenic trioxide for treating acute promyelocytic leukaemia: Implications for its worldwide epidemiology and beyond.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Review
- Crosstalk between hnRNP K and SET in ATRA-induced differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia.FEBS open bio · 2021Article
- Endogenous and combination retinoids are active in myelomonocytic leukemias.Haematologica · 2021Article
- Evolving Chemotherapy Free Regimens for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Review
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients, retinoic acid (RA) triggers differentiation while arsenic trioxide (arsenic) induces both a partial differentiation and apoptosis. Although their mechanisms of action are believed to be distinct, these two drugs both induce the catabolism of the oncogenic promyelocytic leukemia (PML)/RARalpha fusion protein. While APL cell lines resistant to one agent are sensitive to the other, the benefit of combining RA and arsenic in cell culture is controversial, and thus far, no data are available in patients. Using syngenic grafts of leukemic blasts from PML/RARalpha transgenic mice as a model for APL, we demonstrate that arsenic induces apoptosis and modest differentiation, and prolongs mouse survival. Furthermore, combining arsenic with RA accelerates tumor regression through enhanced differentiation and apoptosis. Although RA or arsenic alone only prolongs survival two- to threefold, associating the two drugs leads to tumor clearance after a 9-mo relapse-free period. These studies establishing RA/arsenic synergy in vivo prompt the use of combined arsenic/RA treatments in APL patients and exemplify how mouse models of human leukemia can be used to design or optimize therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.