ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1999
The immune response modifier imiquimod requires STAT-1 for induction of interferon, interferon-stimulated genes, and interleukin-6.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation between pretreatment levels of interferon response genes and clinical responses to an immune response modifier (Imiquimod) in genital warts.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2000Trial
- Pharmacotherapy for Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunostimulant Bathing Influences the Expression of Immune- and Metabolic-Related Genes in Atlantic Salmon Alevins.Biology · 2021Article
- Intratumoral combination therapy with poly(I:C) and resiquimod synergistically triggers tumor-associated macrophages for effective systemic antitumoral immunity.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Rejuvenating conventional dendritic cells and T follicular helper cell formation after vaccination.eLife · 2020Article
- Myricitrin Modulates NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Production to Inhibit Endotoxin-Mediated Inflammation by Blocking the JAK/STAT1 and NOX2/p47Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Article
- Toll-like receptor-7 ligand Imiquimod induces type I interferon and antimicrobial peptides to ameliorate dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2012Article
- IL-29 and IFN-α regulate the expression of MxA, 2',5'-OAS and PKR genes in association with the activation of Raf-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT signal pathways in HepG2.2.15 cells.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
- TLR7 and TLR8 as targets in cancer therapy.Oncogene · 2008Review
- Functional genomic delineation of TLR-induced transcriptional networks.BMC genomics · 2007Article
- Recent progress in herpes simplex virus immunobiology and vaccine research.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2003Review
- Clearance of infection with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in mice is enhanced by treatment with S28463 (R-848), and its efficiency depends on expression of wild-type Nramp1 (resistance allele).Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2001Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Imiquimod is an oral inducer of interferon (IFN) and several other proinflammatory cytokines and has been successfully used topically as an antiviral agent for the treatment of genital warts. We have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which imiquimod induces the expression of IFNs, IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and proinflammatory cytokines in vivo, using mice deficient in various components of the IFN signaling system. Mice deficient in the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) or in the serine/threonine protein kinase PKR responded normally to imiquimod, producing high levels of circulating IFN and induction of several ISGs. On the other hand, when mice deficient in STAT-1 were treated, a 32-fold reduction in the level of circulating IFN was observed, together with a lack of induction of 2-5 oligo adenylate synthetase (2-5 OAS) and IRF-1 genes. Interestingly, there was also a lack of induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression, although tumor necrosis factor was induced and readily detected in serum. In mice deficient in the type I IFN receptor, imiquimod induced levels of IFN similar to those in control mice, but again, neither 2-5 OAS, IRF-1, nor IL-6 genes were induced in mutant mice. Our results suggest that STAT-1 plays a critical role in the mechanism of gene activation by imiquimod. Moreover, induction of IL-6 gene expression appears to be dependent on components of the IFN signaling cascade.
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