ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Middle ear fluid cytokine and inflammatory cell kinetics in the chinchilla otitis media model.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-8 serum values in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- From Evidence to Clinical Guidelines in Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Otitis Media in Children.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Cellular Immune Response against NontypeableInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Cellular content plays a crucial role in Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae infection of preinflamed Junbo mouse middle ear.Cellular microbiology · 2019Article
- Pro-inflammatory interleukins in middle ear effusions from atopic and non-atopic children with chronic otitis media with effusion.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2016Article
- Innate Immunity: Orchestrating Inflammation and Resolution of Otitis Media.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2016Review
- Heparin binding-epidermal growth factor-like growth factor for the regeneration of chronic tympanic membrane perforations in mice.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2015Article
- Control of middle ear inflammatory and ion homeostasis genes by transtympanic glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid treatments.PloS one · 2015Article
- Influenza A virus alters pneumococcal nasal colonization and middle ear infection independently of phase variation.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Antibodies mediate formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in the middle ear and facilitate secondary pneumococcal otitis media.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Relationship between pediatric obesity and otitis media with effusion.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2009Review
- Animal models of Streptococcus pneumoniae disease.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2008Review
- The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of otitis media and sequelae.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2008Article
- Differential expression of cytokine genes and iNOS induced by nonviable nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae or its LOS mutants during acute otitis media in the rat.International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2008Article
- Differential uptake and processing of a Haemophilus influenzae P5-derived immunogen by chinchilla dendritic cells.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Cytokine levels in groups of patients with different duration of chronic secretory otitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2007Article
- Glutathione-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase AdhC is required for defense against nitrosative stress in Haemophilus influenzae.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Differential expression of cytokine genes and inducible nitric oxide synthase induced by opacity phenotype variants of Streptococcus pneumoniae during acute otitis media in the rat.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Up-regulation of interleukin-8 by novel small cytoplasmic molecules of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae via p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Expression of cytokine and chemokine genes by human middle ear epithelial cells induced by influenza A virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae opacity variants.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent microbe causing middle ear infection. The pathophysiology of pneumococcal otitis media has been characterized by measurement of local inflammatory mediators such as inflammatory cells, lysozyme, oxidative metabolic products, and inflammatory cytokines. The role of cytokines in bacterial infection has been elucidated with animal models, and interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) are recognized as being important local mediators in acute inflammation. We characterized middle ear inflammatory responses in the chinchilla otitis media model after injecting a very small number of viable pneumococci into the middle ear, similar to the natural course of infection. Middle ear fluid (MEF) concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha were measured by using anti-human cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagents. IL-1beta showed the earliest peak, at 6 h after inoculation, whereas IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha concentrations were increasing 72 h after pneumococcal inoculation. IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha but not IL-1beta concentrations correlated significantly with total inflammatory cell numbers in MEF, and all four cytokines correlated significantly with MEF neutrophil concentration. Several intercytokine correlations were significant. Cytokines, therefore, participate in the early middle ear inflammatory response to S. pneumoniae.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.