ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Role of gamma interferon in cellular immune response against murine Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Encephalitozoonosis in Pet Rabbits: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Immunology and Consensus on Clinical Management.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Immune Response to Microsporidia.Experientia supplementum (2012) · 2022Article
- Characterization of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in rabbits orally infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi.Veterinary research · 2020Article
- Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Against Microsporidia Infection in Mammals.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- B-1 cell-mediated modulation of M1 macrophage profile ameliorates microbicidal functions and disrupt the evasion mechanisms of Encephalitozoon cuniculi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Encephalitozoon intestinalis Inhibits Dendritic Cell Differentiation through an IL-6-Dependent Mechanism.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
- Effector CD8 T cell immunity in microsporidial infection: a lone defense mechanism.Seminars in immunopathology · 2015Review
- Identification of the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi as a new target of the IFNγ-inducible IRG resistance system.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Invasion and intracellular survival by protozoan parasites.Immunological reviews · 2011Review
- Reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, and iron sequestration contribute to macrophage-mediated control of Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Phylum Microsporidia) infection in vitro and in vivo.Microbes and infection · 2010Article
- Optimal CD8 T-cell response against Encephalitozoon cuniculi is mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 upregulation by dendritic cells.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Lack of interleukin-12 in p40-deficient mice leads to poor CD8+ T-cell immunity against Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Encephalitozoonosis in rabbits.Parasitology research · 2010Review
- Commensal DNA limits regulatory T cell conversion and is a natural adjuvant of intestinal immune responses.Immunity · 2008Article
- Efficacy of gamma interferon and specific antibody for treatment of microsporidiosis caused by Encephalitozoon cuniculi in SCID mice.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2008Article
- Induction of host chemotactic response by Encephalitozoon spp.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- The immunology of parasite infections in immunocompromised hosts.Parasite immunology · 2006Review
- Fatal myositis due to the microsporidian Brachiola algerae, a mosquito pathogen.The New England journal of medicine · 2004Article
- Induction of a rapid and strong antigen-specific intraepithelial lymphocyte response during oral Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that cause a wide variety of opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. Because it is able to grow in vitro, Encephalitozoon cuniculi is currently the best-studied microsporidian. T cells mediate protective immunity against this parasite. Splenocytes obtained from infected mice proliferate in vitro in response to irradiated parasites. A transient state of hyporesponsiveness to parasite antigen and mitogen was observed at day 17 postinfection. This downregulatory response could be partially reversed by addition of nitric oxide (NO) antagonist to the culture. Mice infected with E. cuniculi secrete significant levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Treatment with antibody to IFN-gamma or interleukin-2 (IL-12) was able to neutralize the resistance to the parasite. Mutant animals lacking the IFN-gamma or IL-12 gene were highly susceptible to infection. However, mice unable to secrete NO withstood high doses of parasite challenge, similar to normal wild-type animals. These studies describe an IFN-gamma-mediated protection against E. cuniculi infection that is independent of NO production.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.