ArticlePlant molecular biology1999
S1 SINE retroposons are methylated at symmetrical and non-symmetrical positions in Brassica napus: identification of a preferred target site for asymmetrical methylation.
Article in Plant molecular biology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distribution, Diversity, and Long-Term Retention of Grass Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs).Genome biology and evolution · 2017Article
- Evolutionary genomics of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) in Brassica.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2015Article
- Targeted identification of short interspersed nuclear element families shows their widespread existence and extreme heterogeneity in plant genomes.The Plant cell · 2011Article
- An inverted repeat transgene with a structure that cannot generate double-stranded RNA, suffers silencing independent of DNA methylation.Transgenic research · 2006Article
- CpG methylation directly regulates transcriptional activity of the human endogenous retrovirus family HERV-K(HML-2).Journal of virology · 2005Article
- Synthesis and processing of tRNA-related SINE transcripts in Arabidopsis thaliana.Nucleic acids research · 2004Article
- Induction and maintenance of nonsymmetrical DNA methylation in Neurospora.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2002Review
- LINEs and gypsy-like retrotransposons in Hordeum species.Plant molecular biology · 2002Article
- Methylation of a euchromatin-heterochromatin transition region in Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5 left arm.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2002Article
- Target sites for SINE integration in Brassica genomes display nuclear matrix binding activity.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2001Article
- Comparative genome organization in plants: from sequence and markers to chromatin and chromosomes.The Plant cell · 2000Review
- SINE retroposons can be used in vivo as nucleation centers for de novo methylation.Molecular and cellular biology · 2000Article
- LINEs, SINEs and repetitive DNA: non-LTR retrotransposons in plant genomes.Plant molecular biology · 1999Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
DNA methylation has been often proposed to operate as a genome defence system against parasitic mobile elements. To test this possibility, the methylation status of a class of plant mobile elements, the S1Bn SINEs, was analysed in detail using the bisulfite modification method. We observed that S1Bn SINE retroposons are methylated at symmetrical and asymmetrical positions. Methylated cytosines are not limited to transcriptionally important regions but are well distributed along the sequence. S1Bn SINE retroposons are two-fold more methylated than the average methylation level of the Brassica napus nuclear DNA. By in situ hybridization, we showed that this high level of methylation does not result from the association of S1Bn elements to genomic regions known to be highly methylated suggesting that S1Bn elements were specifically methylated. A detailed analysis of the methylation context showed that S1Bn cytosines in symmetrical CpG and CpNpG sites are methylated at a level of 87% and 44% respectively. We observed that 5.3% of S1Bn cytosines in non-symmetrical positions were also methylated. Of this asymmetrical methylation, 57% occurred at a precise motif (Cp(A/T)pA) that only represented 12% of the asymmetrical sites in S1Bn sequences suggesting that it represents a preferred asymmetrical methylation site. This motif is methylated in S1Bn elements at only half the level observed for the Cp(A/T)pG sites. We show that non-S1Bn CpTpA sites can also be methylated in DNA from B. napus and from other plant species.
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