ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1999
An inflammatory polypeptide complex from Staphylococcus epidermidis: isolation and characterization.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The Many Lives of a Single Sequence: Functional Plasticity Through Amyloid Polymorphism.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Genomic characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis Se252 isolated from the rhizosphere of a Brazilian endemic plant.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- The Pathogenicity Mechanisms ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Conversation between skin microbiota and the host: from early life to adulthood.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- SarZ inhibits the hemolytic activity through regulation of phenol soluble modulins inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin.Laboratory animal research · 2023Review
- Two transporters cooperate to secrete amphipathic peptides from the cytoplasmic and membranous milieus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Differential fibril morphologies and thermostability determine functional roles ofFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Struct2Graph: a graph attention network for structure based predictions of protein-protein interactions.BMC bioinformatics · 2022Article
- RNase III CLASH in MRSA uncovers sRNA regulatory networks coupling metabolism to toxin expression.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Phenol-Soluble Modulins FromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-forming functional amyloid by molecular tweezers.Cell chemical biology · 2021Article
- Non-Native Peptides Capable of Pan-Activating theACS chemical biology · 2021Article
- Staphylococcus epidermidis protease EcpA can be a deleterious component of the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Article
- Microbiome or Infections: Amyloid-Containing Biofilms as a Trigger for Complex Human Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Multifunctional Amyloids in the Biology of Gram-Positive Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2020Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis releases factors that activate the HIV-1 long terminal repeat, induce cytokine release, and activate nuclear factor B in cells of macrophage lineage. The active material had a mass of 34,500 daltons, was inactivated by proteases and partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction, and thus was termed phenol-soluble modulin (PSM). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of crude PSM yielded two peaks of activity designated PSM peak 1 and peak 2. MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight) mass spectroscopy indicated the presence of two components in peak 1, which were designated PSM and PSM. Peak 2 contained a single component, designated PSM. Separation of PSM and PSM in peak 1 could be achieved by a second HPLC procedure. The structure of each component was determined by amino acid sequence analysis and identification and sequencing of their genes. PSM, PSM, and PSM were 22-, 44-, and 25-amino acid, respectively, strongly hydrophobic polypeptides. PSM was identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis delta toxin, whereas PSM and PSM exhibited more distant homology to previously described staphylococcal toxins. They appeared to exist as a complex or aggregate with activity greater than the component parts. The properties of the S. epidermidis PSMs suggest that they may contribute to the systemic manifestations of Gram-positive sepsis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.