ArticleJournal of virology1999
Acute hepatitis C virus structural gene sequences as predictors of persistent viremia: hypervariable region 1 as a decoy.
Article in Journal of virology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterizing hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Egypt: systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.Scientific reports · 2018Pooled it
- Hepatitis C hypervariable region 1: association of reduced selection pressure in african americans with treatment failure.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2007Trial
- Prospective characterization of full-length hepatitis C virus NS5A quasispecies during induction and combination antiviral therapy.Journal of virology · 2000Trial
- Multiple Approaches to Genetic Sequencing to Identify Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among People Who Inject Drugs.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Characteristics in Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Implications for Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
- BK polyomavirus diversity-Why viral variation matters.Reviews in medical virology · 2020Review
- Article
- Article
- Approaches, Progress, and Challenges to Hepatitis C Vaccine Development.Gastroenterology · 2019Review
- Can Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Lead to a Hepatitis C Virus Vaccine?Trends in microbiology · 2018Review
- Synergistic anti-HCV broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies with independent mechanisms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Hypervariable Region 1 in Envelope Protein 2 of Hepatitis C Virus: A Linchpin in Neutralizing Antibody Evasion and Viral Entry.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Quasispecies of Hepatitis C Virus Participate in Cell-Specific Infectivity.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Hepatitis C Virus Infection.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2015Review
- Role of genetic polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus chronic infection.World journal of clinical cases · 2015Article
- Review
- Article
- Longitudinal Sequence and Functional Evolution within Glycoprotein E2 in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a Infection.PloS one · 2015Article
- New insight into HCV E1/E2 region of genotype 4a.Virology journal · 2014Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We hypothesized that hepatitis C virus (HCV) persistence is related to the sequence variability of putative envelope genes. This hypothesis was tested by characterizing quasispecies in specimens collected every six months from a cohort of acutely HCV-infected subjects (mean duration of specimen collection, 72 months after seroconversion). We evaluated 5 individuals who spontaneously cleared viremia and 10 individuals with persistent viremia by cloning 33 1-kb amplicons that spanned E1 and the 5' half of E2, including hypervariable region 1 (HVR1). To assess the quasispecies complexity and to detect variants for sequencing, the first PCR-positive sample was examined by using a previously described method that combines heteroduplex analysis and analysis of single-stranded conformational polymorphisms. The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) within each sample was evaluated as an indicator of relative selective pressure. Amino acid sequences were analyzed for signature patterns, glycosylation signals, and charge. Quasispecies complexity was higher and E1 dN/dS ratios (selective pressure) were lower in those with persistent viremia; the association with persistence was strengthened by the presence of a combination of both characteristics. In contrast, a trend toward higher HVR1 dN/dS ratios was detected among those with persistent viremia. We did not detect any such association for factors that may affect complexity such as serum HCV RNA concentration. HVR1 had a lower positive charge in subjects with persistent viremia, although no consistent motifs were detected. Our data suggest that HCV persistence is associated with a complex quasispecies and immune response to HVR1.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.