ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology1999
The therapeutic monitoring of antimicrobial agents.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06590428 (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Vancomycin in Paediatric Patients: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Pooled it
- Comparable Efficacy and Better Safety of Double β-Lactam Combination Therapy versus β‑Lactam plus Aminoglycoside in Gram-Negative Bacteria in Randomized, Controlled Trials.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Pooled it
- Amikacin pharmacokinetics, target attainment, and predictors in critically ill children: a retrospective cohort.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Amikacin and Colistin in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections Using a Portable Plasmonic Biosensor.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Terminal complement complexes with or without C9 potentiate antimicrobial activity againstmBio · 2025Article
- Optimizing Initial Vancomycin Dosing in Hospitalized Patients Using Machine Learning Approach for Enhanced Therapeutic Outcomes: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Design and synthesis of betulinic acid-dithiocarbamate conjugates as potential antifungal agents againstRSC advances · 2024Article
- Determining steady-state trough range in vancomycin drug dosing using machine learning.Journal of critical care · 2024Article
- Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- An Overview of Analytical Methodologies for Determination of Vancomycin in Human Plasma.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Would they accept it? An interview study to identify barriers and facilitators to user acceptance of a prescribing advice service.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Errors in Antimicrobial Prescription and Administration in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates at a Tertiary South African Hospital.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Review
- Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Pre- and Post-Oxygenator Vancomycin Concentrations in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Prospective Observational Study.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2020Observational
- Diagnostic and medical needs for therapeutic drug monitoring of antibiotics.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Review
- Treating Intracranial Abscesses in Rats with Stereotactic Injection of Biodegradable Vancomycin-Embedded Microparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Promising Recent Strategies with Potential Clinical Translational Value to Combat Antibacterial Resistant Surge.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- High-Precision Control of Plasma Drug Levels Using Feedback-Controlled Dosing.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2018Article
- Application of Nanoparticle Technologies in the Combat against Anti-Microbial Resistance.Pharmaceutics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo review the basis and optimal use of therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobial agents.
methodsAntimicrobial agents for which a reasonable case exists for therapeutic drug monitoring were reviewed under the following headings: pharmacokinetics, why monitor, therapeutic range, individualisation of therapy, sampling times, methods of analysis, interpretative problems and cost-effectiveness of monitoring.
resultsThere is a strong historical case for monitoring aminoglycosides. The recent move to once-daily dosing means that criteria for therapeutic drug monitoring need to be redefined. Vancomycin has been monitored routinely but many questions remain about the most appropriate approach to this. A case can be made for monitoring teicoplanin, flucytosine and itraconazole in certain circumstances.
conclusionsThe approach to monitoring aminoglycosides needs to be redefined in the light of once-daily dosing. It is premature to suggest that less stringent monitoring is necessary as toxicity remains a problem with these drugs. The ideal method of monitoring vancomycin remains to be defined although a reasonable case exists for measuring trough concentrations, mainly to ensure efficacy. Teicoplanin is monitored occasionally to ensure efficacy while flucytosine is monitored occasionally to avoid high concentrations associated with toxicity. Itraconazole has various pharmacokinetic problems and monitoring has been suggested to ensure that adequate concentrations are achieved.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.