ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases1999
Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 517 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
517 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex Differences in Neurocognitive Function in Adults with HIV: Patterns, Predictors, and Mechanisms.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Interleukin 6 Blockade With Tocilizumab Diminishes Indices of Inflammation That Are Linked to Mortality in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Clinical Trial of Dipyridamole to Decrease Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Chronic Inflammation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces T-cell Activation and Immune Exhaustion Markers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Controllers.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Cotrimoxazole reduces systemic inflammation in HIV infection by altering the gut microbiome and immune activation.Science translational medicine · 2019Trial
- Anti-α4β7 therapy targets lymphoid aggregates in the gastrointestinal tract of HIV-1-infected individuals.Science translational medicine · 2018Trial
- Brief Report: Changes in Levels of Inflammation After Antiretroviral Treatment During Early HIV Infection in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5217.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Exhaustion of Activated CD8 T Cells Predicts Disease Progression in Primary HIV-1 Infection.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Trial
- HIV vasculopathy: role of mononuclear cell-associated Krüppel-like factors 2 and 4.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Changes in Inflammation and Immune Activation With Atazanavir-, Raltegravir-, Darunavir-Based Initial Antiviral Therapy: ACTG 5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Trial
- A lower viral set point but little immunological impact after early treatment during primary HIV infection.Viral immunology · 2015Trial
- Rosuvastatin reduces vascular inflammation and T-cell and monocyte activation in HIV-infected subjects on antiretroviral therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Initiation of ART during early acute HIV infection preserves mucosal Th17 function and reverses HIV-related immune activation.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Extracavitary Primary Effusion Lymphoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Differential Diagnosis in a Resource-Constrained South African Setting.International journal of surgical pathology · 2026Article
- Persistent CD8+ T-cell activation (HLA-DR/CD38) as an immunological marker in antiretroviral-treated human immunodeficiency virus-1 patients: A cross-sectional study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Ultra-low level HIV p24 drives immune activation in antiretroviral therapy-treated people living with HIV.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Article
457 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To define predictors of survival time in late human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease, long- and short-duration survivors were studied after their CD4+ T cells fell to </=50/mm3. Immune activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as measured by elevated cell surface expression of CD38 antigen, was strongly associated with shorter subsequent survival (P</=.002). The naive CD45RA+CD62L+ T cell reserve was low in all subjects and did not predict survival (P=.34 for CD4+ and.08 for CD8+ cells). Higher virus burden correlated with CD8+ but not CD4+ cell activation and, after correcting for multiple comparisons, was not associated with shorter survival (P=.02). All of the patients' viruses used CCR5, CXCR4, or both, and coreceptor usage did not predict survival (P=. 27). Through mechanisms apparently unrelated to higher virus burden, immune activation is a major determinant of survival in advanced HIV-1 disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.