ArticleClinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology1999
Immunoglobulin subclass distribution and diagnostic value of Leishmania donovani antigen-specific immunoglobulin G3 in Indian kala-azar patients.
Article in Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of biomarkers to monitor therapeutic response in leishmaniasis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Pooled it
- An Insight Into Systemic Immune Response inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Potential biomarkers of immune protection in human leishmaniasis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Review
- Molecular Tracking of theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- F1 Domain of theFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- In vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of a combination therapy of diminazene and chloroquine against murine visceral leishmaniasis.Journal of biomedical research · 2015Review
- IgG1 as a potential biomarker of post-chemotherapeutic relapse in visceral leishmaniasis, and adaptation to a rapid diagnostic test.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Characterization of the humoral immune response against Gnathostoma binucleatum in patients clinically diagnosed with gnathostomiasis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2012Article
- Significance of persistence of antibodies against Leishmania infantum in Sicilian patients affected by acute visceral leishmaniasis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2012Article
- Immunobiology of visceral leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Vaccine Development Against Leishmania donovani.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Easy test for visceral Leishmaniasis and post-Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis.Emerging infectious diseases · 2011Article
- Balance of IL-10 and interferon-gamma plasma levels in human visceral leishmaniasis: implications in the pathogenesis.BMC infectious diseases · 2005Article
- Leishmania promastigote membrane antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting for differential diagnosis of Indian post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2005Article
- Characterization of immunoglobulin G and its subclass response to Indian kala-azar infection before and after chemotherapy.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Study of specific IgG subclass antibodies for diagnosis of Gnathostoma spinigerum.Parasitology research · 2003Article
- Characterization of Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in liposomes that induce protective immunity in BALB/c mice.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Differential decline in Leishmania membrane antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG subclass antibodies in Indian kala-azar patients after chemotherapy.Infection and immunity · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity), IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG = IgG1 = IgG3 = IgG4 > IgG2 > IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM = IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.
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