Evidence map›Paper›PMID 10027409›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of pathology1999

Expression of CD44 in Apc and Tcf mutant mice implies regulation by the WNT pathway.

V J Wielenga, R Smits, V Korinek, L Smit, M Kielman, R Fodde, H Clevers, S T Pals

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of pathology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 255 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
255citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

255 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 512 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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195 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

V J WielengaDepartment of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
R Smits
V Korinek
L Smit
M Kielman
R Fodde
H Clevers
S T Pals
Leiden University Medical Center · NLAcademic Medical Center · NLUniversity of Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Overexpression of cell surface glycoproteins of the CD44 family is an early event in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. This suggests a link with disruption of APC tumor suppressor protein-mediated regulation of beta-catenin/Tcf-4 signaling, which is crucial in initiating tumorigenesis. To explore this hypothesis, we analyzed CD44 expression in the intestinal mucosa of mice and humans with genetic defects in either APC or Tcf-4, leading to constitutive activation or blockade of the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 pathway, respectively. We show that CD44 expression in the non-neoplastic intestinal mucosa of Apc mutant mice is confined to the crypt epithelium but that CD44 is strongly overexpressed in adenomas as well as in invasive carcinomas. This overexpression includes the standard part of the CD44 (CD44s) as well as variant exons (CD44v). Interestingly, deregulated CD44 expression is already present in aberrant crypt foci with dysplasia (ACFs), the earliest detectable lesions of colorectal neoplasia. Like ACFs of Apc-mutant mice, ACFs of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients also overexpress CD44. In sharp contrast, Tcf-4 mutant mice show a complete absence of CD44 in the epithelium of the small intestine. This loss of CD44 concurs with loss of stem cell characteristics, shared with adenoma cells. Our results indicate that CD44 expression is part of a genetic program controlled by the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 signaling pathway and suggest a role for CD44 in the generation and turnover of epithelial cells.

Indexed as

Trans-ActivatorsZebrafish ProteinsAdenomaAdenomatous Polyposis ColiAdultAnimalsbeta CateninCarcinomaCytoskeletal ProteinsDNA, NeoplasmDNA PrimersFemaleFluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectGenes, APCHumansHyaluronan Receptorsbeta CateninCTNNB1 protein, humanCTNNB1 protein, mouseCytoskeletal ProteinsDNA, NeoplasmDNA PrimersHyaluronan ReceptorsProto-Oncogene ProteinsRNA, MessengerTCF7L2 protein, humanTcf7l2 protein, mouseTCF Transcription FactorsTrans-ActivatorsTranscription Factor 7-Like 2 ProteinTranscription FactorsWnt ProteinsZebrafish Proteins

Identifiers

PMID10027409
PMCPMC1850011
OpenAlexW2097959454

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.