ArticleThe American journal of pathology1999
Expression and tissue localization of membrane-type 1, 2, and 3 matrix metalloproteinases in human astrocytic tumors.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 220 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of protein biomarkers of invasive behavior in glioblastoma.Molecular neurobiology · 2014Pooled it
- Directed evolution of chlorotoxin enhances MMP-2 recognition and improves CAR-T-cell activity in glioblastoma modelsFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- An integrative analysis of UFMylation-related genes reveals a prognostic signature and identifies GDF7 as a novel therapeutic target in gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Matrix Metalloproteinases in Glioma: Drivers of Invasion and Therapeutic Targets.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Review
- Comparison of 5-aminolevulinic acid and MMP-14 targeted peptide probes in preclinical models of GBM.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Extracellular matrix dysregulation in aging, calcification, and cancer diseases: insights into cellular senescence, inflammation, and novel therapeutic strategies.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Potential of Natural Products in the Treatment of Glioma: Focus on Molecular Mechanisms.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Review
- ERK/CREB and p38 MAPK/MMP14 Signaling Pathway Influences Spermatogenesis through Regulating the Expression of Junctional Proteins inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Unraveling the MicroRNA tapestry: exploring the molecular dynamics of locoregional recurrent rectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Tumor Microenvironment in Glioma Invasion.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Impaired Expression of Membrane Type-2 and Type-3 Matrix Metalloproteinases in Endometriosis but Not in Adenomyosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- microRNA-4429-5p suppresses the malignant development of colon cancer by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 16.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2021Article
- Differential Expression ofCancers · 2021Article
- Novel targetable FGFR2 and FGFR3 alterations in glioblastoma associate with aggressive phenotype and distinct gene expression programs.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- Neoplastic Cells are the Major Source of MT-MMPs inCancers · 2020Article
- Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activation by Perturbing Protein-Protein Interactions Using a Cyclic Peptide.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2020Article
- Targeting MMP-14 for dual PET and fluorescence imaging of glioma in preclinical models.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2020Article
- SNX27-retromer assembly recycles MT1-MMP to invadopodia and promotes breast cancer metastasis.The Journal of cell biology · 2020Article
- PLEKHG5 is a novel prognostic biomarker in glioma patients.International journal of clinical oncology · 2019Article
- Elevated microRNA‑145‑5p increases matrix metalloproteinase‑9 by activating the nuclear factor‑κB pathway in rheumatoid arthritis.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three different membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT1-, MT2-, and MT3-MMPs) are known to activate in vitro the zymogen of MMP-2 (pro-MMP-2, progelatinase A), which is one of the key MMPs in invasion and metastasis of various cancers. In the present study, we have examined production and activation of pro-MMP-2, expression of MT1-, MT2-, and MT3-MMPs and their correlation with pro-MMP-2 activation, and localization of MMP-2, MT1-MMP, and MT2-MMP in human astrocytic tumors. The sandwich enzyme immunoassay demonstrates that the production levels of pro-MMP-2 in the anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas are significantly higher than that in the low-grade astrocytomas (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), metastatic brain tumors (P<0.05), or normal brains (P<0.01). Gelatin zymography indicates that the pro-MMP-2 activation ratio is significantly higher in the glioblastomas than in other astrocytic tumors (P<0.01), metastatic brain tumors (P<0.01), and normal brains (P<0.01). The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrate that MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP are expressed predominantly in glioblastoma tissues (17/17 and 12/17 cases, respectively), and their expression levels increase significantly as tumor grade increases. MT3-MMP is detectable in both astrocytic tumor and normal brain tissues, but the mean expression level is approximately 50-fold lower compared with that of MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP in the glioblastomas. The activation ratio of pro-MMP-2 correlates directly with the expression levels of MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP but not MT3-MMP. In situ hybridization indicates that neoplastic astrocytes express MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP in the glioblastoma tissues (5/5 cases and 5/5 cases, respectively). Immunohistochemically, MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP are localized to the neoplastic astrocytes in glioblastoma samples (17/17 cases and 12/17 cases, respectively), which are also positive for MMP-2. In situ zymography shows gelatinolytic activity in the glioblastoma tissues but not in the normal brain tissues. These results suggest that both MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP play a key role in the activation of pro-MMP-2 in the human malignant astrocytic tumors and that the gelatinolytic activity is involved in the astrocytic tumor invasion.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.