ArticleThe EMBO journal1999
Assembly requirements of PU.1-Pip (IRF-4) activator complexes: inhibiting function in vivo using fused dimers.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Isotype-specific antibody secreting plasma cells harbor epigenetic and transcription factor architectures defining distinct cell lineages.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Pharmacological targeting of IRF4 as a therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- IRF4 Promotes Immune Evasion and Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment in Follicular Lymphoma.Blood cancer discovery · 2025Article
- G9a controls plasma cell differentiation through FOXO1 and ETS1 binding site regulatory networks.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- The transcription factor BATF pioneers the differentiation program of effector CD8Cell reports · 2025Article
- Expanding the DNA Motif Lexicon of the Transcriptional Regulatory Code.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cell cycle-coupled transcriptional network orchestrates human B cell fate bifurcation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Accelerated plasma-cell differentiation in Bach2-deficient mouse B cells is caused by altered IRF4 functions.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
- Smoking-associated gene expression alterations in nasal epithelium reveal immune impairment linked to lung cancer risk.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Dendritic cell subsets and implications for cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Transcriptional reprogramming by mutated IRF4 in lymphoma.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Temporal analyses reveal a pivotal role for sense and antisense enhancer RNAs in coordinate immunoglobulin lambda locus activation.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- UTX inactivation in germinal center B cells promotes the development of multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.Leukemia · 2023Article
- The dynamic functions of IRF4 in B cell malignancies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- A neomorphic mutation in the interferon activation domain of IRF4 causes a dominant primary immunodeficiency.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Adipose tissue macrophages and their role in obesity-associated insulin resistance: an overview of the complex dynamics at play.Bioscience reports · 2023Review
- Human inborn errors of immunity associated with IRF4.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Dendritic cells in cancer immunology.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gene expression in higher eukaryotes appears to be regulated by specific combinations of transcription factors binding to regulatory sequences. The Ets factor PU.1 and the IRF protein Pip (IRF-4) represent a pair of interacting transcription factors implicated in regulating B cell-specific gene expression. Pip is recruited to its binding site on DNA by phosphorylated PU.1. PU.1-Pip interaction is shown to be template directed and involves two distinct protein-protein interaction surfaces: (i) the ets and IRF DNA-binding domains; and (ii) the phosphorylated PEST region of PU.1 and a lysine-requiring putative alpha-helix in Pip. Thus, a coordinated set of protein-protein and protein-DNA contacts are essential for PU.1-Pip ternary complex assembly. To analyze the function of these factors in vivo, we engineered chimeric repressors containing the ets and IRF DNA-binding domains connected by a flexible POU domain linker. When stably expressed, the wild-type fused dimer strongly repressed the expression of a rearranged immunoglobulin lambda gene, thereby establishing the functional importance of PU.1-Pip complexes in B cell gene expression. Comparative analysis of the wild-type dimer with a series of mutant dimers distinguished a gene regulated by PU.1 and Pip from one regulated by PU.1 alone. This strategy should prove generally useful in analyzing the function of interacting transcription factors in vivo, and for identifying novel genes regulated by such complexes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.